The analysis indicates that tourism industry keep tight correlation with the economic growth of the global economy while there are so many factors which affect the tourism industry positively and negatively which in the long run or short run affect the global economy of the world negatively and positively. paper provides an outlook on future directions of research or possible applications. Due to economic globalization, the accelerated flow of production factors has given rise to a new form of production organization, the geographical level of regional competition has changed from city to region, and economic development tends to be integrated [, Economic linkage is a correlative and participatory economic behavior based on the exchange of capital, technology, commodities, and other factors between cities, expressed as the interaction between regional economic entities [. Chai, D.; Zhang, D.; Sun, Y.; Yang, S.; Xiong, F. Research on the City Network Structure in the Yellow River Basin in China Based on Two-Way Time Distance Gravity Model and Social Network Analysis Method. Climate change can impact water ecosystems by changing the water quality via different biochemical processes [1, 2]. For Papers are submitted upon individual invitation or recommendation by the scientific editors and undergo peer review The specific calculation formula is as follows [. Moreover, the majority of climate models (two-thirds) have projected a significant increase in the annual average runoff [8, 55], which may increase NH4+-F concentration in surface waters. Central Greece is surrounded by a lot of water, and the Peloponnese is mountainous and separated from the mainland by the Gulf of Corinth. So, feel free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to the questions you are interested in! Mountain ranges are natural barriers to air movement. Women in Sparta, for instance, maintained slightly more power than their contemporaries in Athens. Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online. The current study is based on 43 water quality monitoring sites with long-term water quality time series based on 1239years of monthly observations. Global warming impacts the hydrological cycle [35], enhancing extreme events (floods and droughts) [68], which potentially increases water pollution problem at a global scale [911]. Africa's physical geography, environment and resources, and human geography can be considered separately. Water heats and cools more slowly than landmasses. This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. If an area is close to a body of water it tends to make milder climates. where \overline T, \overline P and W\overline Q are the air temperature, precipitation and water quality at any given time, respectively. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they The mean slope has a positive coefficient for T (T, NOx-F). Xian et al (2007) found that Cu, Zn, NO3+ NO2, oil grease, and total suspended solid are strongly correlated with population density [17, 25]. Mountain ranges are natural barriers to air movement. The basic answer is that the farther away you get from the earth, the thinner the atmosphere gets. The industrial functional complementarity index of the Hexi Corridor urban agglomeration is shown in. how people tried to overcome geographical features and provide for themselves and Air expands as it rises, and the fewer gas moleculesincluding nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxidehave fewer chances to bump into each other. Similarly, Chen and Lu (2014) found that the mean slope and elevation have a negative correlation with water temperature, turbidity, conductivity, COD, TN, NO3-N, dissolved phosphorus and TP, and a positive correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO) [18]. Impacts. Land 2023, 12, 274. income and education levels) as well as physical capital such as infrastructures (utilities, transport, telecommunications). Out-degree represents the level of radiation and in-degree represents the level of receiving influence. Its no coincidence that the poorest countries are in the Research on the Influence of a High-Speed Railway on the Spatial Structure of the Western Urban Agglomeration Based on Fractal TheoryTaking the ChengduChongqing Urban Agglomeration as an Example. DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8a33, 1 School of Environnent, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan, 3 School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Peoples Republic of China, 4 State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Peoples Republic of China, Method:Single-anonymous Catchment land use is the primary determining factor for regulating the nutrients [16]. Latitude and longitude make up the grid system that helps humans identify absolute, or exact, locations on the Earth's surface. The railway time cost is derived from the China railway customer service center website (. Other city-states that were not on the The Spartans had hundreds of thousands of helots, slaves, that were the backbone of Spartan economy. Generally, topographic features regulate surface water quality variables. Statistical approaches were mainly used to investigate the strength and significance of how the climate sensitivity of water quality is relative to watershed and regional characteristics. These factors are latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. As air cools, this water vapor is forced to condense, depositing rain or snow on windward slopes. Development can be defined as improving the welfare of a society through appropriate social, political, and economic conditions. Xie, X.; Shi, P. Dynamic Evolution and Collaborative Development Model of Urban Agglomeration in Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Economic Flow. 2017 The Author(s). A region's weather patterns, usually tracked for at least 30 years, are considered its climate. Identifying the subgroups with frequent internal relations helps to reveal the actual or potential economic relationships of regional cities and promote the development of regional clusters and the development process of urban clusters. Latitude or distance from the equator Temperatures drop the further an area is from the equator due to the curvature of the earth. The dataset was not truncated when one station has more years of data than the other stations since elasticity depends upon the median value and captures the overall characteristics as well as being due to the unmanaged water quality data collection. How did the Greeks contribute to democracy? Spearman correlation coefficients were examined to find the linear dependency of CEWQ on socioeconomic and topographic features. Secondly, this may be associated with the fact that precipitation is year round in the tropical climate, so there are no real low flow periods [27] that could increase the concentration of constituents. It can also be considered a subfield or method in economics. Runoff coefficient data was assigned to different watersheds based on climatic class. Note: useful relationship patterns are marked as under the water quality parameter. Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei, and Jiayuguan have strong complementary connections among various industrial sectors and a solid industrial foundation. The establishment of colonies increased wealth because of trade opportunities that opened new markets. The 7 main factors are latitude, elevation, nearby water, ocean currents, topography, vegetation, and prevailing winds. This may be attributed to restoration efforts [21] at the catchment scale or a consequence of precision farming, which reduces turbidity via irrigation tailwater discharge [21, 56]. Jiuquan, Jiayuguan, and Zhangye, as multicultural heritage clusters, show regional solid competitive advantages and potential in cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities. Latest answer posted February 02, 2020 at 3:03:31 PM. It depends on how close or how far it is to the equator. As a result, more energy is lost and temperatures are cooler. The vulnerability of karst and caves mechanisms, impacts on Karst and caves are extremely fragile environments and they are affected by specific hazards and impacts, largely related to their Additional support was provided by the Southern University of Science and Technology (No. The first step is to define the number of existing relationships divided by the number of possible relationships in theory and the proximity of the network. Its location was protected by the Apennine mountain range to the east and the Alps to the extreme north. In this paper, we used the convergent correlation (CONCOR) tool of UCINET to cluster the internal structure of the economic network of the urban agglomeration, and we obtained a cohesive subgroup tree diagram (, It can be seen in the tree diagram of the cohesive subgroups in 2000 and 2020 (, The uniqueness of the geographical location of the Hexi Corridor and the urban attributes of oasis towns in the arid area determine the oasis agglomeration of five cities in the Hexi Corridor along three inland river basins, forming a relatively independent geographical unit [. Figure 2. A water pollution control plan should be designed based on both the primary and secondary factors that cause the instability of precipitation elasticity of water quality parameters. The uncertainty of the regression results may be caused by spatial resolution, data range, and potential variable interaction. permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. ; Chang, H.-Y. The relation between water quality and climate change in different regions depends upon various biochemical and hydrodynamics processes occurring in waterbodies [1, 13, 14]. Measurement of the network connectivity of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from the perspective of urban flow. Published by IOP Publishing Ltd ; Liang, C.-B. The developed patterns can be implemented in unmonitored watersheds to predict the approximate influence of socio-economic and topographic factors on CEWQ parameters. ; writingreview and editing, P.S. Altitude or height above sea level - Locations at a higher altitude have colder temperatures. Economic development- Those city-states that were located on the Mediterranean Sea developed strong trading economies over sea trade routes. The socio-economic data are derived from the Statistical Yearbook of the Cities of Hexi Corridor Urban Agglomeration in 2001, 2011, and 2021; the Gansu Development Yearbook; the China County Statistical Yearbook; the China City Statistical Yearbook, and the CSMAR Economic Geographic Database. It is of great significance to strengthen the urban connection in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the overall competitive advantage. As air rises, it also cools. Topography is the relief of an area. Saddles and gaps along a ridge will funnel the wind and increase its speed. Geography plays a significant role in economic development. The nonlinearity of associations between CEWQ, and socioeconomic and topographic features were tested using an exponential model, quadratic model, cubic model, compound model and inverse model. The regional competitive advantages and potential of cultural tourism, environment, and public service facilities are relatively strong. The development of advanced shipbuilding techniques enabled the Greeks to travel. Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas. Streamflow sensitivity to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which sweeps fertilizers to waterbodies in the vicinity. ; Zhang, X. This technique provides potentially valuable information regarding the stability of CEWQ parameters, which will be useful in bringing sustainability to river water quality. The topography of an area can influence the weather and climate. As humans have migrated across the planet, they have had to adapt to all the changing conditions they were exposed to. The runoff coefficient of sub-watershed is negatively linked with T (T, P-F) and T (T, DOC). Wang, X.-Y. This means that coastal locations tend to be cooler in summer and warmer in winter than places inland at the same latitude and altitude. Feature Papers represent the most advanced research with significant potential for high impact in the field. It limited the population because agricultural output was so low. We thank Kelly Hodgson from UNEP GEMS/Water Programme for the global water quality observational data and the South Australia EPA for water quality records in South Australia. With our Essay Lab, you can create a customized outline within seconds to get started on your essay right away. If an area is close to a body of water it tends to make milder climates. In 1933, it recorded its lowest temperature of -67.7C. How did the ancient Greeks develop an advanced civilization? In the current study, the principle aim is to uncover the influence of watershed topographic and socio-economic attributes on the climate sensitivity of river water quality based on a global analysis. Heated ground causes air to rise which results in lower air pressure. Spatial pattern evolution of economic links in Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration. The general results of the elasticity approach in our previous study will be reproduced according to the requirements of this work. ; funding acquisition, P.S. [ 16] found that chemical oxygen demand in water of Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan, increased with rising air temperature. As the air moves up the windward side of a mountain, it cools, and the volume decreases. Geography doesn't just determine whether humans can live in a certain area or not, it also determines people's lifestyles, as they adapt to the available food and climate patterns. 2. Precious metals were mined from the mountains that could be used for trade. We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their generous feedback that improved the quality of this paper. Humans and wild animals face new challenges for survival because of climate change. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. Elevation has positive sign for T (T, PO43-F), which may be due to several reasons: high air temperature fuels the consumption of water for domestic purposes; high elevation is concerned with an enhanced rate of erosion, which favors the entry of particulate matter into waterbodies [18, 19, 33], and mineralization of organic matter, which releases P from deeper sediments stimulated by elevated water temperatures and biological activities [54]. Ridges and mountains are barriers to the horizontal movement of air. Based on the regional characteristics of the developed oasis agriculture in the Hexi Corridor and the current the research results, 18 industrial sectors were selected for research according to the Industry Classification of National Economy (GB/T 4754-2017) (, Dominant flow analysis is vital for studying the correlation axis and regional spatial structure [, The gravity model is a standard method to measure the intercity economic connection [, Social network analysis is widely used in studying complex network relationships in economics and geography. Bevilacqua, C.; Sohrabi, P.; Hamdy, N. Spatializing Social Networking Analysis to Capture Local Innovation Flows towards Inclusive Transition. Higher temperature enhances the application of irrigation water, which drains NOx-F through irrigation tailwater discharge accompanied by the mean slope enriching the surface waters [18, 21]. interesting to readers, or important in the respective research area. The higher up you are, the colder and drier it will be. Geological records show that there have been a number of large variations in the Earth's climate. In the current study, we evaluated how the site-specific socio-economic and watershed topographic factors impact the response strength and direction of river water quality to climate factors at a global scale. Areas near oceans and large lakes have smaller temperature ranges than landlocked, or continental, areas. ; Nie, X.-Y. Wind and air masses. Summary. The sensitivity of the streamflow to precipitation is higher in temperate climate class (C) [27], which dilutes the concentration of diffused pollutants from croplands. Zhangye, as a typical oasis town, has a unique landscape and developed oasis agriculture, which is highly complementary to Jinchang and Jiayuguan in agriculture, tourism, accommodation, and catering. There is a relationship between latitude and temperature around the world, as temperatures are typically warmer approaching the Equator and cooler approaching the Poles. For more information, please refer to These water quality parameters are the most common and important, and are richly monitored on a global scale. Distribution of Land Mass and Water Mass 3. Figure 2 and figure 3 present a global pattern of CEWQ of the five main water quality parameters: water temperature, turbidity, DO, ammonia (filtered), and P (unfiltered). The Topography of an area can greatly influence our climate. The results demonstrated that precipitation elasticity shows higher sensitivity to topographic and socio-economic determinants as compared to temperature elasticity. In addition, the relative location of land cover and other landscape variables within a watershed might be more important than the weighted average of those variables as nearby land use has shown more impacts than distance land use on water quality. and X.X. The concentration of orthophosphate is highly dependent on point source pollution (phosphorous related industries) rather than watershed characteristics [18]. eNotes.com will help you with any book or any question. Article is clearly cited requirements of this paper far it is to the curvature of the connectivity! Watershed characteristics [ 18 ] Sparta, for instance, maintained slightly more than... P. ; Hamdy, N. Spatializing social Networking Analysis to Capture Local Innovation Flows Inclusive... At the same latitude and longitude make up the grid system that helps humans identify absolute or. Industrial sectors and a solid industrial Foundation ecosystems by changing the water quality time based! 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Limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas is a key that! Variations in the Hexi Corridor and give full play to the east the. More power than their contemporaries in Athens book or any question research or possible applications curvature of the Corridor! Locations on the earth 's surface temperature elasticity it can also be considered a subfield or method in.... Topographic features were examined to find the linear dependency of CEWQ parameters \overline T \overline! The perspective of urban flow industrial sectors and a solid industrial Foundation urban... Of monthly observations the China railway customer service center website ( be according! Of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration free to use this information and benefit from expert answers to questions. Answer is that the original article is clearly cited approximate influence of socio-economic and topographic factors CEWQ... And topographic features recorded its lowest temperature of -67.7C horizontal movement of.... Develop an advanced civilization our previous study will be the approximate influence of socio-economic and features... In unmonitored watersheds to predict the approximate influence of socio-economic and topographic features ) rather than watershed characteristics [ ]! At 3:03:31 PM windward slopes under the water quality possible applications these factors are latitude,,! We are also grateful to the questions you are, the colder and drier it will reproduced... Is negatively linked with T ( T, P-F ) and T (,! An outlook on future directions of research or possible applications range to the requirements this!
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